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Inferior Gluteal Nerve

nervus gluteus inferior

The inferior gluteal nerve is a purely motor nerve supplying only the gluteus maximus, the largest muscle in the body. Its injury during posterior hip surgery, pelvic procedures, or from posterior hip dislocation produces profound impairment of stair climbing, rising from a chair, and running because the gluteus maximus is the primary hip extensor for these power activities.

Region: Pelvis & Hip

Anatomical Data

Origin, Insertion & Supply

Origin	Sacral plexus (L5, S1, S2)

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Inferior gluteal nerve palsy is usually combined with other sacral plexus injuries rather than isolated, as its course through the greater sciatic foramen alongside the sciatic nerve exposes it to the same injury mechanisms. Isolated inferior gluteal nerve palsy produces a characteristic posterior pelvic tilt and trunk flexion during stair climbing as the patient compensates for gluteus maximus weakness.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Inferior Gluteal Nerve Palsy

Gluteus maximus paralysis producing profound impairment of stair climbing and rising from low chairs, usually associated with other sacral plexus injuries from pelvic trauma or posterior hip dislocation.