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Dorsal Digital Nerves of the Toes

nervi digitales dorsales pedis

The dorsal digital nerves of the toes arise from the superficial peroneal nerve (supplying the dorsum of toes 2-5 medially) and the sural nerve (supplying the dorsum of the 5th toe laterally and the outer fourth web space). The first web space is supplied by the deep peroneal nerve. The dorsal digital nerves supply the dorsal skin of the toes from the MTP joint to the distal phalanx level.

Region: Foot & Ankle

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

The dorsal digital nerves are blocked at the metatarsal head level for minor toe procedures using a ring block technique. They are at risk in dorsal toe incisions, MTP arthroplasty, and correction of claw and hammer toe deformities. The superficial peroneal nerve branches supplying the dorsal toes are damaged in ankle inversion injuries and tarsal tunnel releases. In interdigital neuroma surgery, the approach from the dorsal or plantar side risks the dorsal or plantar digital nerves respectively.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Dorsal Digital Nerve Injury in MTP Arthroplasty

Dorsal first MTP incision for hallux rigidus arthroplasty risks the branches of the deep peroneal nerve supplying the first web space and the superficial peroneal branches to the medial great toe dorsum; nerve damage produces dorsal toe numbness and occasionally painful neuroma that may be more debilitating than the original arthritis.