Scalenus minimus is an accessory scalene muscle present in approximately 50% of individuals. It contributes to the suprapleural membrane tension and is one of the structures responsible for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome when hypertrophied or anomalous.
| Origin | Anterior tubercle of C7 transverse process |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Inner surface of the first rib and dome of the pleura (Sibson's fascia) |
| Nerve Supply | Ventral ramus of C7 |
| Blood Supply | Ascending cervical artery |
| Actions | Elevates the first rib; Tenses the suprapleural membrane (Sibson's fascia) |
|---|
Scalenus minimus is one of the structures resected in thoracic outlet syndrome surgery when present. Its attachment to Sibson's fascia (the suprapleural membrane) means its anomalous form can directly compress the lower brachial plexus and subclavian artery.
Not reliably palpable — identified at surgery.
Anomalous scalenus minimus compressing the lower brachial plexus producing neurogenic TOS, resected during first rib and scalenectomy surgery.
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