The ischiocavernosus encircles the crus of the penis or clitoris, compressing the deep dorsal vein to maintain erection by preventing venous outflow. It is the primary muscle sustaining the erection phase.
| Origin | Inner surface of the ischial ramus and ischial tuberosity |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Crus of the clitoris or penis — encircles and compresses the crus |
| Nerve Supply | Pudendal nerve — perineal branch (S2-S4) |
| Blood Supply | Internal pudendal artery — deep branch |
| Actions | Maintains erection by compressing the crus of the penis or clitoris — retards venous drainage; Propels semen during ejaculation (males) |
|---|
Ischiocavernosus dysfunction from pudendal nerve injury (bicycle riding, perineal trauma) contributes to erectile dysfunction in males. In gender-affirming surgery, the ischiocavernosus and its crus attachment are specifically addressed during phalloplasty or vaginoplasty procedures.
Not directly palpable. Assessed by pudendal nerve motor studies in erectile dysfunction evaluation.
Pudendal nerve compression (from cycling or perineal trauma) causing ischiocavernosus weakness and venous leak erectile dysfunction, managed by nerve decompression or medical therapy.
