Coracobrachialis is the primary coracoid-to-arm connector. The musculocutaneous nerve penetrates its substance, making it the key muscle to identify when locating the musculocutaneous nerve in brachial plexus surgery.
| Origin | Coracoid process tip |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Medial humeral shaft — middle third, anteromedial surface |
| Nerve Supply | Musculocutaneous nerve (C6, C7) — the nerve pierces through this muscle |
| Blood Supply | Brachial artery muscular branches |
| Actions | Flexes the shoulder to 90 degrees; Adducts the humerus; Resists inferior humeral subluxation |
|---|
Hypertrophy or spasm of coracobrachialis can compress the musculocutaneous nerve within the muscle, producing lateral forearm numbness and biceps weakness. This is musculocutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome, distinct from brachial neuritis.
Palpated medially in the axilla as a cord during resisted shoulder flexion and adduction.
Nerve compression within the coracobrachialis producing lateral forearm numbness and biceps weakness, managed by coracobrachialis release.
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