Superior Glenohumeral Ligament Detail

ligamentum glenohumerale superius detail

The superior glenohumeral ligament runs from the superior glenoid tubercle adjacent to the biceps origin to the lesser tuberosity, forming part of the rotator interval and the biceps pulley system.

Region: Shoulder

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

The primary restraint against inferior glenohumeral subluxation with the arm at the side, also restrains external rotation in adduction, and forms the primary stabiliser of the biceps tendon within the rotator interval with the coracohumeral ligament.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

SGHL insufficiency produces inferior instability with the arm adducted (sulcus sign). Combined SGHL and CHL laxity produces the biceps tendon subluxation pattern where the tendon escapes the groove during internal rotation. SGHL plication during rotator interval closure addresses inferior instability.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

SGHL Insufficiency and Sulcus Sign

Superior GHL laxity producing inferior humeral head subluxation with the arm adducted (positive sulcus sign), addressed by rotator interval closure and SGHL plication.

SGHL Involvement in Frozen Shoulder

The SGHL contracts early in adhesive capsulitis, contributing to the initial loss of external rotation in adduction that characterises the early frozen shoulder.