The radiate and capsular ligaments attaching the heads of ribs 2-7 to the bodies of two adjacent vertebrae and the intervening disc, forming the typical costovertebral joints.
Anchor ribs 2-7 to the thoracic vertebral column, transmitting breathing forces to the spine and providing thoracic cage rigidity.
Costovertebral joint arthritis produces localised thoracic back pain reproduced by rib springing and rotation. Costovertebral joint injection with corticosteroid is both diagnostic and therapeutic. In thoracic disc herniation via a lateral approach, the costovertebral ligaments are divided for rib head resection.
Degeneration of the costovertebral joint producing localised thoracic back pain reproduced by rib motion, treated by facet-type injection under fluoroscopic guidance.
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