Retropharyngeal Fascia

fascia retropharyngea

The retropharyngeal fascia is a condensation of the alar fascia forming the posterior wall of the retropharyngeal space, separating it from the prevertebral space. It extends from the skull base to the superior mediastinum.

Region: Neck

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

Defines the posterior boundary of the retropharyngeal space, providing a barrier that normally confines infection and bleeding to the retropharyngeal compartment before spreading to the mediastinum.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Retropharyngeal abscess (most common in children) collects in the space anterior to this fascia. Perforation of the fascia by infection or tumour allows spread to the prevertebral space and then to the posterior mediastinum (danger space). Posterior pharyngeal wall approach for anterior C1-C2 tumours traverses this fascia.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Retropharyngeal Abscess

Infection of the retropharyngeal space anterior to the fascia producing a posterior pharyngeal bulge, drooling, and airway compromise, requiring incision and drainage.

Danger Space Infection Spread

Perforation of the retropharyngeal fascia allowing infection to spread down the prevertebral danger space to the posterior mediastinum — a life-threatening complication.