The lateral patellofemoral ligament (LPFL) connects the lateral patella to the lateral femoral condyle, providing the primary lateral patellar constraint within the lateral retinaculum.
Primary lateral constraint of the patella at the femoral level, limits medial patellar displacement, and is the ligament released in lateral patellar compression and reconstructed in medial subluxation.
LPFL tightness produces lateral patellar compression, treated by arthroscopic release. LPFL deficiency from over-release produces medial subluxation — a difficult complication requiring reconstruction.
Lateral patellofemoral ligament tightness producing lateral patellar tilt, released arthroscopically.
Iatrogenic medial patellar instability requiring LPFL reconstruction.
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