Lesser Omentum

omentum minus

The lesser omentum is a two-layered peritoneal fold connecting the lesser curvature of the stomach and the proximal duodenum to the liver. Its free right margin (hepatoduodenal ligament) forms the anterior boundary of the epiploic foramen (foramen of Winslow).

Region: Abdomen

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

Transmits the portal triad (portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct) in its free edge, maintains the stomach position relative to the liver, and provides a peritoneal-covered pathway for vascular and biliary structures.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Pringle manoeuvre (manual compression of the hepatoduodenal ligament) controls inflow to the liver during hepatic surgery by occluding the portal vein and hepatic artery simultaneously. The foramen of Winslow behind the free edge of the lesser omentum is the natural communication between the greater and lesser peritoneal sacs.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Pringle Manoeuvre Using Hepatoduodenal Ligament

Digital compression of the free edge of the lesser omentum occludes the hepatic inflow during liver resection, allowing up to 60 minutes of ischaemic tolerance.

Lesser Omentum Haematoma in Hepatic Trauma

Bleeding within the lesser omentum from hepatic artery or portal vein injury producing a lesser sac haematoma, requiring urgent surgical exploration.