The LCL is a cord-like extracapsular ligament (unlike the MCL which has deep capsular fibres) running from the lateral femoral epicondyle to the fibular head. It is the most isometric structure of the PLC complex. The popliteus tendon passes deep to the LCL before inserting on the lateral femoral condyle. LCL reconstruction is performed as part of the PLC reconstruction using the Laprade technique.
| Origin | Lateral femoral epicondyle (proximal to the popliteal sulcus) |
|---|---|
| Insertion | Fibular head (lateral surface) |
| Actions | Primary restraint against varus stress; resists posterolateral rotation; part of the posterolateral corner complex |
|---|
Isolated LCL tears are rare — the LCL is protected by the IT band. Combined LCL-PLC injuries are the standard pattern. The figure-four test (varus stress with the knee in figure-4 position) assesses LCL integrity. LCL reconstruction uses allograft or autograft through a fibular tunnel and lateral femoral condyle tunnel in the Laprade technique.
Lateral collateral ligament tear combined with PLC disruption producing varus instability managed with anatomical LCL and PLC reconstruction.
