The iliotibial band inserts via a broad tendinous expansion onto Gerdy's tubercle on the anterolateral tibia, with some fibres continuing distally as the lateral patellar retinaculum. This distal ITB attachment is the primary site of lateral knee pain in running athletes and the focus of ITB surgical release.
Lateral knee stabiliser in extension; contributes to lateral patellar tracking; the distal attachment at Gerdy's tubercle is the friction point in IT band syndrome.
IT band syndrome (runner's knee) occurs at the impingement zone where the ITB passes over the lateral femoral epicondyle, approximately 30 mm proximal to the Gerdy's tubercle attachment. The distal attachment at Gerdy's is the anchor point for ITB lengthening procedures. Gerdy's tubercle avulsion can occur in significant lateral knee injuries involving the posterolateral corner.
Impingement of the ITB over the lateral femoral epicondyle proximal to its Gerdy's tubercle attachment producing lateral knee pain at 30 degrees flexion in runners, managed with biomechanical correction, foam rolling, and occasionally ITB release.
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