The superior band of the iliofemoral (Y) ligament runs from the anterior inferior iliac spine to the greater trochanter region of the femur, providing the superior horizontal arm of the Y-shaped ligament.
The primary restraint against hip abduction and extension, limits lateral rotation in extension, and provides the superior component of the most powerful ligament in the body.
The superior iliofemoral band is tensioned in hip extension — it is the reason why the normal hip cannot hyperextend. In total hip arthroplasty via the anterolateral approach, the superior iliofemoral band is preserved as the key anterior stability structure. Its deficiency contributes to anterior hip instability after THA.
The superior band of the Y ligament limiting hip hyperextension — its tension is the basis of the Thomas test for hip flexion contracture when the band is contracted.
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