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First MTP Joint Capsule

capsula articulationis metatarsophalangealis hallucis

The first MTP joint capsule encloses the hallux metatarsophalangeal articulation, reinforced by the plantar plate, medial and lateral collateral ligaments, and the adductor hallucis lateral head distally. It is the joint capsule disrupted in hallux valgus and turf toe.

Region: Foot & Ankle

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

Contains the first MTP joint, provides fibrous reinforcement through its thickened plantar (plantar plate) and collateral regions, and is the structure that undergoes progressive distortion in hallux valgus as the sesamoids displace laterally.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

First MTP joint capsule plication is an essential component of hallux valgus correction — the medial capsule is shortened and imbricated to restore medial sesamoid position and resist hallux relapse. In turf toe, the dorsal capsule tears with the plantar plate in hyperextension injury.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

First MTP Capsulorrhaphy in Hallux Valgus

Medial first MTP joint capsule plication after metatarsal osteotomy tightens the medial soft tissues, reduces sesamoid position, and prevents hallux valgus recurrence.

Dorsal MTP Capsule Tear in Turf Toe

First MTP joint dorsal capsule injury from hyperextension combined with plantar plate tear in turf toe, classified by grades of injury and managed by progressive rehabilitation or surgical repair for severe injuries.