The Kaplan fibers are deep transverse fibers of the iliotibial band connecting it to the lateral femoral cortex and the short head of the biceps femoris, providing a direct attachment between the ITB and distal femur.
Constrain the ITB against excessive anterior-posterior excursion on the femur, contribute to lateral knee stability, and are the structures disrupted when the ITB snaps over the lateral femoral epicondyle.
The Kaplan fibers are specifically referenced in anterolateral ligament and ITB anatomy research. Their disruption in lateral knee injuries contributes to rotational instability. Kaplan fiber reconstruction is included in some anterolateral reconstruction protocols.
Kaplan fiber tearing contributing to anterolateral rotational instability in combined ACL and lateral structure injuries, addressed in anterolateral ligament reconstruction protocols.
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