The anterior intermuscular septum of the leg separates the anterior compartment from the lateral (peroneal) compartment, running from the anterior fibular surface to the crural fascia. It defines the medial boundary of the lateral compartment and the lateral boundary of the anterior compartment.
Separates the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg, defining the fascial boundaries relevant to compartment syndrome and surgical release.
The anterior intermuscular septum must be released during anterior compartment fasciotomy and is incised in the two-incision approach to lower leg decompression. The superficial peroneal nerve passes between the lateral and anterior compartments and may be injured during septum release if its emergence point is not identified.
Surgical incision of the anterior intermuscular septum to decompress both the anterior and lateral compartments simultaneously via a single lateral incision.
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