The alar fascia is a sheet of fascia within the posterior cervical space, running from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae on each side and dividing the retrovisceral space into the retropharyngeal space anteriorly and the danger space posteriorly.
Provides a physical barrier between the retropharyngeal space and the danger space, limiting the spread of infection. Defines the anatomical compartments of the posterior cervical space relevant in neck infection management.
Perforation of the alar fascia by retropharyngeal abscess or anterior vertebral osteomyelitis allows infection to enter the danger space and spread to the posterior mediastinum without barriers. Recognising this anatomical plane is critical in evaluating the extent of neck space infections on CT.
Deep neck space infection perforating the alar fascia and spreading to the danger space, requiring aggressive surgical debridement and mediastinal drainage.
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