Parietal (oxyntic) cells are large cells in the gastric glands of the fundus and body of the stomach. They secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor.
| Location | Gastric glands of the fundus and body of the stomach |
|---|---|
| Secretes |
|
| Nerve Supply | Vagus nerve (acetylcholine); Local histamine and gastrin |
| Blood Supply | Left and right gastric and gastro-omental arteries; Short gastric arteries |
| Venous drainage |
|
| Lymphatic drainage |
|
Acidify stomach contents to begin protein digestion and kill microbes, and make intrinsic factor needed to absorb vitamin B12.
Proton pump inhibitors block the acid pump in these cells. In pernicious anaemia, autoimmune destruction of parietal cells causes B12 deficiency with anaemia and nerve damage, treated with B12 injections.
Autoimmune loss of parietal cells and intrinsic factor causing vitamin B12 deficiency.
Ulceration promoted by acid, often with Helicobacter pylori or anti-inflammatory drugs.
This website uses cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for site functionality, while others help us analyze and improve your usage experience. Please review your options and make your choice.
If you are under 16 years old, please ensure that you have received consent from your parent or guardian for any non-essential cookies.
Your privacy is important to us. You can adjust your cookie settings at any time. For more information about how we use data, please read our privacy policy. You may change your preferences at any time by clicking on the settings button below.
Note that if you choose to disable some types of cookies, it may impact your experience of the site and the services we are able to offer.
Some required resources have been blocked, which can affect third-party services and may cause the site to not function properly.
This website uses cookies to enhance your browsing experience and ensure the site functions properly. By continuing to use this site, you acknowledge and accept our use of cookies.
