A small bursa in the posterior intercostal space between the internal intercostal muscle and the intercostal neurovascular bundle, reducing friction in the intercostal groove. It may become inflamed in posterior rib impingement and in thoracic outlet syndrome.
Posterior intercostal bursitis is a component of posterior chest wall pain and contributes to intercostal neuralgia-type pain patterns. Ultrasound of the posterior intercostal space identifies the bursa between the rib groove and the overlying muscle. Intercostal nerve block at this level addresses both the bursa and the intercostal nerve simultaneously.
Bursal inflammation in the posterior intercostal groove producing circumferential chest wall pain along the intercostal nerve distribution, managed with intercostal nerve block.
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