The trapezium is the most radial distal carpal bone, articulating with the scaphoid proximally and the first and second metacarpal bases distally. Its saddle-shaped articular surface for the first metacarpal base produces the biaxial motion of the first CMC joint — the most mobile joint of the hand and the basis of human thumb opposition. Trapezial ridge bears the FCR tunnel.
Trapeziometacarpal arthritis (basal joint arthritis — Bennett's fracture site) is the most common hand joint arthritis in women, producing a painful pinch and grip. Trapeziectomy with or without ligament reconstruction (LRTI) is the gold standard surgery — removing the degenerate trapezium and using the FCR tendon to fill the space provides reliable pain relief.
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