T1 is the first thoracic vertebra, transitioning from the cervical to the thoracic spine and articulating with the first rib. The T1 nerve root contributes to the intrinsic muscles of the hand.
T1 is the transition vertebra between the cervical and thoracic spine, with costal facets for the first rib articulation. The T1 nerve root exits here and its compression produces medial forearm and hand numbness plus hand intrinsic weakness, a pattern that also mimics ulnar neuropathy. Pancoast tumours of the lung apex can involve the T1 nerve root and produce Horner syndrome from involvement of the superior cervical ganglion.
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