Radial Shaft

corpus radii

The radial shaft has a characteristic lateral bow, maximal at its mid-point, which is essential for full forearm rotation. Its anterior surface provides the origin of flexor pollicis longus and part of flexor digitorum profundus. Pronator teres inserts at the lateral mid-shaft. The posterior surface gives rise to abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis distally.

Anatomical Data

Structure & Landmarks

Articulations	Interosseous membrane (medial, soft tissue) Proximal radioulnar joint (head) Distal radioulnar joint (head)
Landmarks	Lateral bow of radius (maximum at mid-shaft) Pronator teres insertion Anterior oblique line Posterior interosseous ridge
Ossification	Single primary ossification centre present from the second fetal month; distal radial epiphysis appears at 1-2 years and fuses at 17-19 years.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Radial shaft fractures must be fixed with a plate that precisely restores the radial bow, as even minor flattening reduces forearm rotation by up to 20%. The Henry and Thompson approaches provide anterior and posterior access respectively. Galeazzi fracture combines a radial shaft fracture with DRUJ disruption and requires ORIF of the shaft to reduce the DRUJ.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Galeazzi Fracture

A fracture of the distal third of the radial shaft with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint, usually needing surgical fixation.

Both-bone Forearm Fracture

Fractures of the radial and ulnar shafts together, common in children, where restoring the radial bow is important for rotation.

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