Popliteal Surface of the Femur

facies poplitea femoris

The popliteal surface of the femur is the triangular posterior flat surface of the distal femur between the medial and lateral supracondylar ridges above and the intercondylar fossa below. It forms the anterior (deep) floor of the popliteal fossa. The popliteal artery, vein, and tibial nerve pass in close proximity to this surface as they descend through the popliteal fossa.

Region: Thigh

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

The popliteal surface and the popliteal fossa structures above it are relevant in posterior knee surgery and in posterior approach femoral plating. The popliteal artery runs immediately posterior to the popliteal surface of the femur and can be injured during posterior condylar fracture, knee dislocation, or posterior approach plate fixation if the cortex is perforated. The posterior femoral cortex (popliteal surface) is the starting point for measurement of the posterior condylar offset, an important parameter in total knee arthroplasty sizing.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Popliteal Artery Injury Adjacent to Popliteal Surface

Posterior knee dislocation forces the popliteal surface of the femur against the popliteal artery, producing arterial stretch injury, intimal tear, or complete transection in up to 40% of knee dislocations; ABI assessment and CT angiography are mandatory after knee dislocation regardless of pulses.