The paired palatine bones form the posterior hard palate (horizontal plate), the posterior lateral nasal wall, and contribute to the orbital floor (orbital process). The greater palatine foramen (at the junction of the horizontal plate and the pterygoid process) transmits the greater palatine nerve and artery — the landmark for posterior hard palate anaesthesia. Cleft palate involves the failure of fusion of the palatine processes and the palatine bones.
The greater palatine block — injection at the greater palatine foramen at the posterior hard palate junction — anaesthetises the posterior hard palate and posterior gingiva for dental procedures. Cleft palate repair (palatoplasty) at 12-18 months closes the palatal cleft and mobilises the palatine processes for midline union.
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