The palatine bone is an L-shaped paired bone forming the posterior hard palate horizontally and a portion of the lateral nasal wall and orbital floor vertically. Its perpendicular plate forms part of the medial orbital wall and nasal cavity, while the horizontal plate forms the posterior one-third of the hard palate. The pyramidal process fits between the pterygoid plates.
The palatine bone is involved in Le Fort II and III facial fractures, where the horizontal plate separates at the pterygopalatine junction. Cleft palate surgery reconstructs the palatine bone's horizontal plate relationship with the soft palate musculature. The greater and lesser palatine foramina transmit the palatine nerves and vessels — blocked for palatal anaesthesia in dental procedures. Palatine bone tumour involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma affects the pterygopalatine fossa.
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