The ischium is the posteroinferior portion of the hip bone, featuring the ischial tuberosity. The bony seat on which we sit. That provides the origin for the hamstrings and the attachment for the sacrotuberous ligament.
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| Landmarks |
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| Ossification | Endochondral ossification from a primary centre, fusing with the ilium and pubis at the triradiate cartilage by age 16. |
The ischium forms the posteroinferior hip bone and the ischial tuberosity is the weight-bearing surface during sitting and the origin of the hamstrings, adductor magnus, and gemellus inferior. Proximal hamstring avulsions from the ischial tuberosity occur in athletes during explosive hip flexion movements and require surgical reattachment when significantly displaced. Ischial stress fractures in rowers from prolonged seated training are an underrecognised cause of buttock pain.
Forceful hamstring contraction in adolescent athletes, for example in hurdling or kicking, avulses the ischial apophysis.
Prolonged sitting on hard surfaces inflames the bursa over the ischial tuberosity, causing buttock pain on sitting.
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