The fibula is the slender lateral bone of the lower leg that bears minimal weight but is essential for ankle stability — the lateral malleolus forms the outer wall of the ankle mortise that holds the talus in place. It is also the most common site of ankle fractures.
The fibular neck is where the common peroneal nerve wraps around — the most common site of peroneal nerve palsy from external compression. The lateral malleolus determines the ankle mortise and its fracture level (Weber A/B/C) determines syndesmotic integrity and management. The fibula is harvested as a vascularised graft for jaw, tibia, and long bone reconstruction — providing up to 26 cm of bone with reliable blood supply from the peroneal artery. Essex-Lopresti injury combines radial head fracture with interosseous membrane disruption and distal radioulnar joint dislocation.
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