The cuboid is on the lateral side of the midfoot, articulating with the calcaneus, lateral cuneiform, navicular, and the bases of the fourth and fifth metatarsals. It is the key bone of the lateral column of the foot. A groove on its plantar surface, roofed by the long plantar ligament, forms the tunnel through which the peroneus longus tendon turns medially on its way to the medial foot.
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| Ossification | Endochondral ossification from a single centre present at birth. |
The cuboid forms the lateral column of the midfoot and the lateral part of the tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) joint line. Cuboid syndrome, a subtle subluxation or dysfunction at the calcaneocuboid joint, causes lateral midfoot pain after inversion sprains or in dancers and runners and may respond to manipulation. Nutcracker fractures of the cuboid between the calcaneus and metatarsal bases occur in forced forefoot abduction and can be missed on plain radiographs. An os peroneum, a sesamoid in the peroneus longus tendon, lies near the cuboid groove and can cause lateral plantar pain.
Forced abduction of the forefoot crushes the cuboid between the calcaneus and the fourth and fifth metatarsal bases.
Subtle subluxation or dysfunction of the calcaneocuboid joint causing lateral midfoot pain, typically in dancers and runners.
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