The conoid tubercle is a small bump on the underside of the outer clavicle, near its back edge, where the cone-shaped conoid ligament attaches. The conoid ligament runs down to the base of the coracoid process and, with the trapezoid ligament, forms the coracoclavicular ligament. This ligament complex is the main vertical stabiliser of the clavicle against the scapula.
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| Ossification | Part of the clavicle, which ossifies in membrane from primary centres in the fetal period; the tubercle becomes prominent with ligament pull. |
The conoid tubercle is a key landmark in surgery for high-grade AC joint separations, where tunnels or anchors for coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction are placed at or near the original conoid and trapezoid footprints to restore normal mechanics. Fractures of the outer clavicle that pass medial to the conoid tubercle leave the main shaft without ligament restraint and tend to displace upward. Occasionally a true joint (coracoclavicular joint) forms between the tubercle and the coracoid as a normal variant.
Tearing of the conoid and trapezoid ligaments in severe AC joint separations, allowing marked upward displacement of the clavicle relative to the acromion.
A fracture passing medial to the conoid tubercle, separating the shaft from its ligament attachments and carrying a high risk of non-union.
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