The calcaneus, or heel bone, is the largest bone in the foot, providing the posterior heel lever that amplifies the force of the Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia origin at its medial tubercle. Calcaneal fractures from axial compression are associated with falls from height and carry significant morbidity.
The calcaneus is the largest tarsal bone and the most commonly fractured foot bone, typically from a fall from height with axial loading. Intra-articular calcaneal fractures involving the posterior subtalar facet are assessed by the Bohler angle on lateral radiograph (normal 20 to 40 degrees), with flattening indicating fracture depression. Sanders CT classification guides surgical decision-making. Calcaneal stress fractures in military recruits and distance runners produce medial and lateral calcaneal tenderness reproduced by the calcaneal squeeze test.
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