The plantar digital arteries arise from the plantar metatarsal arteries at the metatarsal heads, dividing into proper plantar digital arteries for adjacent toe surfaces. They are the primary blood supply to the plantar skin and nail beds of the toes.
Plantar digital arteries are compromised in peripheral arterial disease, diabetic microangiopathy, and embolic events, producing toe ischaemia and digital ulceration. Digital subtraction angiography and CT angiography map these vessels preoperatively in revascularisation planning. Raynaud phenomenon preferentially affects the digital arteries of the feet.
Embolic or vasospastic occlusion causing toe ischaemia with pallor, pain, and absent digital pulses, requiring urgent vascular assessment and anticoagulation or vasodilator therapy.
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