Neuroglia (glial cells) are the non-neuron cells of the nervous system that support, insulate and protect neurons. In the brain and spinal cord they include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia and ependymal cells.
| Location | Throughout the brain and spinal cord (Schwann and satellite cells in peripheral nerves) |
|---|---|
| Parts |
|
| Connections |
|
| Blood Supply | All brain arteries |
Maintain the chemical environment, form myelin, defend against infection, clear debris and help regulate blood flow and synapses.
Most primary brain tumours arise from glial cells (gliomas such as glioblastoma). Loss of oligodendrocyte myelin causes multiple sclerosis. Astrocytes form scars after injury that can limit nerve repair.
The most common aggressive primary brain tumour, arising from glial cells.
Immune damage to oligodendrocytes and myelin causing episodes of neurological dysfunction.
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