The inferior frontal gyrus is the lowest of the three lateral frontal gyri, lying above the lateral sulcus. Branches of the lateral sulcus divide it into three parts: the pars opercularis, pars triangularis and pars orbitalis. In the dominant hemisphere, the pars opercularis and pars triangularis form Broca area.
| Location | Frontal lobe lateral surface, below the inferior frontal sulcus and above the lateral sulcus |
|---|---|
| Parts |
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| Connections |
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| Blood Supply | Middle cerebral artery (superior division) |
In the dominant hemisphere it produces language, forming words and grammar; it also helps with inhibiting actions and with understanding sentence structure.
Dominant inferior frontal damage causes non-fluent (Broca) aphasia, with effortful, short phrases but relatively good comprehension. The right inferior frontal gyrus is involved in stopping actions, and damage may increase impulsivity. Its opercular part also covers the front of the insula.
Non-fluent, effortful speech with good comprehension after damage to the dominant inferior frontal gyrus.
Difficulty planning the movements needed for speech, often with lesions in or near the inferior frontal gyrus and insula.
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