The inferior ulnar collateral artery arises from the brachial artery 5 cm above the elbow, passing medially with the ulnar nerve to anastomose with the anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent arteries around the medial epicondyle. It contributes to the periarticular elbow anastomosis.
The inferior ulnar collateral artery accompanies the ulnar nerve behind the medial epicondyle and is at risk during medial epicondyle release and ulnar nerve transposition. Its preservation is important in maintaining the medial elbow arterial anastomosis, which is the collateral pathway for brachial artery occlusion above the elbow.
Disruption of the inferior ulnar collateral artery during ulnar nerve transposition or medial epicondyle surgery, risking the medial elbow anastomotic supply.
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