The anterior interosseous vein accompanies the anterior interosseous artery between the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus, draining the deep forearm flexor compartment into the ulnar veins. It runs in the interosseous space alongside the anterior interosseous nerve.
The anterior interosseous vein is encountered during deep forearm flexor compartment fasciotomy and is the venous companion to the anterior interosseous artery and nerve — the deep forearm neurovascular bundle. In forearm crush injuries, this vein may thrombose contributing to compartment syndrome. It is identified during anterior interosseous nerve exploration for AIN palsy.
Anterior interosseous vein thrombosis from compartment syndrome or crush injury contributing to elevated compartment pressure and anterior interosseous nerve compression in the deep forearm compartment.
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