Sternocostal Joint Capsules

capsulae articulationum sternocostalium

The sternocostal joint capsules enclose the articulations between the costal cartilages and the sternum at each level, reinforced by the radiate sternocostal ligaments. The second sternocostal joint is an intraarticular joint with an articular disc.

Region: Chest

Biomechanics

Function & Actions

Contain the sternocostal articulations, allow the respiratory movement of the costal cartilages on the sternum, provide the fibrous reinforcement of the anterior chest wall, and are the capsules involved in costochondritis.

Clinical Relevance

Clinical Notes

Costochondritis (Tietze syndrome when associated with swelling) involves inflammation of the sternocostal joint capsule and surrounding costal cartilage, producing anterior chest pain that mimics cardiac pain. The second and third costal cartilages are most commonly affected. Direct sternal pressure reproduces the pain, distinguishing it from cardiac aetiology.

Pathology

Common Injuries & Conditions

Costochondritis at Sternocostal Joint Capsule

Sternocostal joint capsule inflammation producing anterior chest wall pain mimicking angina, reproduced by direct rib pressure and managed with NSAIDs and physiotherapy.

Tietze Syndrome with Sternocostal Swelling

Costochondritis with visible and palpable sternocostal joint swelling at the second or third costal cartilage, distinct from non-swelling costochondritis, treated by cortisone injection into the joint capsule.