The anterior compartment fascia of the leg is the fibrous boundary of the anterior compartment, enclosing the tibialis anterior, EDL, EHL, and peroneus tertius muscles with the anterior tibial neurovascular bundle.
Creates the anterior compartment pressure boundary, maintains muscle compartment organisation, and is the structure creating the pressure increase in anterior compartment syndrome after trauma or exercise.
Acute anterior compartment syndrome from tibial fractures, reperfusion injury, or excessive exercise produces rising compartment pressure that, when exceeding 30 mmHg (or within 30 mmHg of diastolic pressure), requires emergency fasciotomy of the anterior compartment fascia.
Rising compartment pressure within the anterior leg fascia from fracture haematoma or reperfusion injury producing nerve and muscle ischaemia, requiring emergency four-compartment leg fasciotomy within 6 hours of symptom onset.
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