The coronoid bursa is a small adventitial bursa anterior to the coronoid process of the ulna and the anterior elbow joint capsule, developing in response to chronic anterior elbow pressure or impingement. It is distinct from the olecranon bursa posteriorly and the bicipitoradial bursa laterally. Inflammation can produce anterior elbow fullness and pain on full extension.
Coronoid bursitis is uncommon but arises in occupations with repetitive elbow contact against surfaces. It may be confused with anterior elbow joint effusion or heterotopic ossification. Palpation anterior to the radial head and coronoid, with pain on forced extension, helps distinguish it from other causes of anterior elbow swelling. Treatment follows the standard bursitis protocol of activity modification, aspiration, and corticosteroid injection.
An adventitial coronoid bursa from repetitive elbow contact produces fluctuant anterior elbow swelling distinguishable from joint effusion by its more superficial location and absence of restricted forearm rotation; managed by aspiration and corticosteroid injection.
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